Indonesia-Malaysia CONFRONTATION
Posted in Story, WarIndonesia-Malaysia CONFRONTATION
Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, or better known as the confrontation
course is a war about the future of Malaya, Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak
which took place between the Federation of Malaysia and Indonesia in
1962 until 1966.
The war originated from the desire of the Federation of Malaya is more
recognizable as the Malay Land Fellowship in 1961 to combine Brunei,
Sabah and Sarawak into the Federation of Malaysia is not in accordance
with the Manila Agreement therefore desire is opposed by President
Sukarno, who considers the formation of the Federation of Malaysia is
now known as Malaysia as a "puppet of the British" colonialism and
imperialism in a new form as well as support for various internal
security disturbances and rebellions in Indonesia. [1] [2]
Violation of international treaties concept MACAPAGAL THE PLAN, among
others, through agreements Manila Agreement dated July 31, 1963, dated
August 3, 1963, dated August 5, 1963 [3] Wikisource-logo.svg about
decolonization which should include the people of Sarawak and
SabahBackground
Approval of the Philippines Manila, Federation of Malaya and Indonesia
In 1961, Metro is divided into four administrations. Kalimantan, a
province in Indonesia, located in south Kalimantan. In the north is the
Kingdom of Brunei and two British colonies of Sarawak and North Borneo,
later renamed Sabah. As part of its withdrawal from its colonies in
Southeast Asia, the UK to combine its colonies on Borneo with peninsular
Malaya, Federation of Malaya to form the Federation of Malaysia.
This plan was opposed by the Government of Indonesia, President Sukarno
argued that Malaysia was a puppet of the United Kingdom, and the
consolidation of Malaysia would increase British control in the region,
threatening Indonesia's independence. The Philippines also made a claim
for Sabah, arguing that it has historical ties with the Philippines
through the Sulu Sultanate.
In Brunei, North Kalimantan National Army (TNKU) rebelled on December 8,
1962. They tried to capture the Sultan of Brunei, the oil fields and
take European hostages. Sultan escaped and asked for British help. He
received British and Gurkha troops from Singapore. On December 16,
British Far East Command (British Far Eastern Command) claimed that all
major rebel centers had been overcome, and on 17 April 1963, the rebel
commander was captured and the rebellion ended.
Philippines and Indonesia formally agreed to accept the establishment of
the Federation of Malaysia if a majority in the area who want to do
dekolonial to vote in a referendum organized by the UN. However, on 16
September, before the outcome of the election are reported. Malaysia saw
the formation of this federation as a domestic problem, with no place
for outsiders to intervene, but the leaders of Indonesia sees this as
the Manila Agreement are violated and the evidence of British
colonialism and imperialism.
"Since the anti-Indonesian demonstrations in Kuala Lumpur, when the
protesters stormed the embassy building, tearing at Soekarno photos,
state emblem of Garuda Pancasila brought before the Tunku Abdul Rahman,
Prime Minister of Malaysia at that time, and forced him to step on
Garuda [4], anger Soekarno against Malaysia has exploded. "
Anti-Indonesian demonstrations in Kuala Lumpur, which took place on 17
September 1963, applies when the protesters who were mounting anger
against President Sukarno, who launched the confrontation against
Malaysia [5] also kerana an unofficial military forces attack Indonesia
to Malaysia. This announcement berikutan Indonesia's Foreign Minister
Soebandrio that Indonesia take a hostile attitude towards Malaysia on
January 20, 1963. In addition volunteers pencerobohan Indonesia
(unofficial military forces seemed) began to infiltrate Sarawak and
Sabah to spread propaganda and conduct raids and sabotage on 12 April
next.
Sukarno's wrath because it condemns the anti-Indonesian demonstrations
that trample state emblem Indonesia [6] and wanted to retaliate by
launching a movement known as the Crush Malaysia. Crush Malaysia Sukarno
proclaimed the movement through his very historic speech, the
following:
"
If we are hungry it is common
If we are ashamed of it is also commonly
But if we are hungry or ashamed because of Malaysia, brash!
Muster the troops to Borneo Malayan snot beat it!
O'clock and do not brush up our air and land trampled by Malaysian
bastard
Pray for me, I'm off to the battlefield as a patriot nation, as a nation
and as a martyr who will not bullets nation trampled self-esteem.
Calls for calls throughout the country that we will unite to resist this
humiliation we will reply to this treatment and we show that we still
have strong teeth and we also still have dignity.
Yoo ... Ayoo ... we ... Ganjang ...
Ganjang ... Malaysia
Ganjang ... Malaysia
Round determination
Our spirit badja
Many bullets we
Njawa us many
If necessary Satoe-Satoe!
SoekarnoWar
On January 20, 1963, Indonesia's Foreign Minister announced that
Indonesia Soebandrio hostile towards Malaysia. On 12 April, volunteers
Indonesia (unofficial military forces seemed) began to infiltrate
Sarawak and Sabah to spread propaganda and conduct raids and sabotage.
Dated May 3, 1964 at a mass meeting held in Jakarta, President Sukarno
declared the People's Command Dwi command (Dwikora) which read:
Pertinggi resilience of the Indonesian revolution
Bantu people's revolutionary struggle for Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak
and Sabah, to destroy Malaysia
On July 27, Sukarno declared that he was going to "crush Malaysia". On
August 16, troops from the Askar Melayu Regimens Kings faced with fifty
Indonesian guerillas.
Although the Philippines did not participate in the war, they broke off
diplomatic relations with Malaysia.
Federation of Malaysia was formally established on 16 September 1963.
Brunei refused to join and Singapore came out at a later date. 
Growing tension on both sides the Straits of Malacca. Two days later
rioters burned the British embassy in Jakarta. Several hundred rioters
seize the Singapore embassy in Jakarta and also houses Singapore
diplomat. In Malaysia, Indonesian agents were captured and crowds
attacked the Indonesian embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
Along the border in Borneo, there was an ongoing border war; Indonesian
troops and irregulars tried to occupy Sarawak and Sabah, with no
results.
Volunteer Action Command.
In 1964 Indonesian troops began to attack areas in Peninsular Malaysia.
Command was formed in May of standby duty to co-ordinate the activities
of the war against Malaysia (Operation Dwikora). Command is then
transformed into Standby Mandala Command (Kolaga). Kolaga led by Vice
Air Marshal Omar Dani as Pangkolaga. Kolaga itself consists of three
commandos, the Combat Command (Kopurtu) located in Sumatra, which
consists of 12 Battalion of the Army, including three battalions and one
battalion of the Marine Corps. This command of the Malay Peninsula and
the targets of the operation was led by Brigadier General Kemal Idris
sebaga Pangkopur-I. Two Combat Command (Kopurda) based in Bengkayang,
West Kalimantan and consists of 13 Battalion that came from elements of
the Marine Corps, Air Force, and RPKAD. Brigadier-General Command, led
Soepardjo as Pangkopur-II. The third command is the Command Fleet
Standby consisting of Navy and Marine Corps. Commando Brigade is
equipped with Landing and operate on the border of Riau and East
Kalimantan.
In August, sixteen armed Indonesian agents were captured in Johor. Armed
activities on the border of Indonesia also increased. Malaysian Marine
army mobilized its forces to defend Malaysia. Malaysian army only a few
were taken down and had to rely on border posts of command and control
unit. Their primary mission is to prevent the entry of troops Indonesia
to Malaysia. Most of the parties involved in armed conflict with
Indonesia is the UK and Australia, they are particularly special forces
Special Air Service (SAS). Indonesia recorded about 2000 troops and 200
troops were killed UK / Australia (SAS) also died after fighting in the
jungles of Kalimantan (Space Magazine Edition 2006).
On August 17 paratroopers landed on the southwest coast of Johor and try
to form a guerrilla army. On 2 September 1964 paratroopers landed in
Labis, Johor. On October 29th, 52 soldiers landed in Pontian on the
Johore-Malacca border and kill troops Askar Malay Regiment and the Kings
of New Zealand and also suppress the Kingdom Police Forces Movement of
Malaysia in Batu 20, Muar, Johor.
When the United Nations accepted Malaysia as a non-permanent members.
Interesting Sukarno of Indonesia from the United Nations on January 20,
1965 and attempted to establish the New Power Conference (Conference of
New Emerging Forces, Conefo) as an alternative.
As opposed to the Olympics, even organizing Ganefo Soekarno (Games of
the New Emerging Forces) held in Senayan, Jakarta on 10 to 22 November
1963. Sporting event was attended by 2250 athletes from 48 countries in
Asia, Africa, Europe and South America, and covered about 500 foreign
journalists.
In January 1965, Australia agreed to send troops to Borneo after
receiving many requests from Malaysia. Australian troops 3rd Regiment,
Royal Australian Regiment, Australian Special Air Service. There are
about fourteen thousand British and Commonwealth forces in Australia at
the time. Officially, British and Australian troops could not follow
attackers over the Indonesian border. However, units like the Special
Air Service, both Britain and Australia, came in secret (see Operation
Claret). Australia recognizes these incursions in 1996.
In mid 1965, Indonesia began to use his official forces. On June 28,
they crossed the border into eastern Sebatik Island near Tawau, Sabah
and dealing with Askar Malay Regiment and the King Police In North
Borneo Armed Constabulary.
On July 1, 1965, the Indonesian military with a magnitude of
approximately 5000 people berated the Malaysian Navy base in Semporna.
Attacks and the siege continued for up to 8 September, but failed. This
event is known as the "Siege of 68 Days" by the citizens of Malaysia.
The final confrontation
Towards the end of 1965, General Suharto came to power in Indonesia
after last G30S/PKI. Because of this domestic conflict, Indonesia wishes
to continue the war with Malaysia to be reduced and the battle
subsided.
On May 28, 1966 at a conference in Bangkok, the Kingdom of Malaysia and
the Indonesian government announced the settlement of the conflict.
Violence ended in June, and the peace treaty was signed on August 11 and
was unveiled two days later.
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